Rare Cases
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
● Introduction:
A uncommon but aggressive cancer of the small salivary glands of the palate, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is characterised by sluggish development, frequent invasion of the perineural space, and a high risk of distant metastases and local recurrence. The s
Hepatoblastoma in pediatrics
● Introduction:
Hepatoblastoma is an uncommon malignancy in children. Every year, about 100 instances of hepatoblastoma are documented. An globally accepted criterion was created to categorise patients as standard or high-risk due to the disorder's low occurrence. It has
Classic Hairy Cell Leukemia
● General Details
• Illness: Hairy Cell Leukaemia (HCL), an uncommon, slow-growing B-cell tumour.
• Incidence: 600 to 800 new cases each year in the United States.
• Epidemiology: Men in their middle years (M:F = 4:1), median age ~55.
• Pathology: Infiltration of
Primary Appendiceal adenocarcinoma
● Epidemiology & Background
Approximately 1.2 cases per 100,000 people per year is the incidence.
Male inclination, more prevalent in older adults (60–70 years).
● Risk factors:
• Not well identified.
• Frequently found by chance during surgery or in the histolo
Ewing Sarcoma of Femur
● Patient History & Profile
➣Age/Sex: boy, 10 years old
➣Chief complaint:
•The main complaint is soreness in the right thigh for a few weeks.
➣Medical history:
•began as a dull, sporadic discomfort and progressed to excruciating, ongoing agony.
•Nighttim
Ewing Sarcoma of Femur
● Patient History & Profile
➣Age/Sex: boy, 10 years old
➣Chief complaint:
•The main complaint is soreness in the right thigh for a few weeks.
➣Medical history:
•began as a dull, sporadic discomfort and progressed to excruciating, ongoing agony.
•Nighttim
Extensive Cholangiocarcinoma
● Patient Profile
•Age/Sex: female, 58 years old
•Past medical history: No previous illnesses or follow-up visits with primary care
● Presenting complaints:
➣Excruciating pain in the right upper quadrant that radiates to the back (× 4 months)
➣Jaundice that be
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder
● Background
➣Profile of the Patient
•65-year-old man
•History: Intermittent turbiduria and chronic lower urinary tract obstructive symptoms.
Comorbidities: Diabetes mellitus with diabetic nephropathy (eGFR 61 mL/min, serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL).
➣There are sever
Pancreatic Cancer
● Introduction
With more than 430,000 fatalities recorded in 2018, pancreatic cancer ranks as the seventh most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Because of its subtle beginnings, late diagnosis, poor resectability, and inherent resistance to chemotherapy and ra
Esophageal Carcinoma
● Introduction
Esophageal carcinoma has a terrible prognosis and is a very aggressive disease. It is one among the top 10 causes of cancer death worldwide. There are two predominant histology types:
More prevalent in industrialised nations, esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
● Overview
➣ Definition and categorisation:
Malignancies of the lymphoreticular system include lymphomas.
More than 40 B-cell neoplasms and more than 25 T-cell/NK-cell neoplasms are recognised under the 2016 WHO classification.
All lymphomas excluding Hodgkin's lymphoma