Rare Cases
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Introduction
A uncommon acquired clonal haematopoietic stem cell disease is called paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH).
caused by a mutation in the PIG-A gene, which results in a lack of GPI-anchored proteins (CD55 and CD59) and makes cells vulnerable to complement-media
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
➣Introduction
•Rare congenital red cell aplasia, or inability to produce pure red blood cells.
•exhibits severe anaemia in infancy (90 percent before 12 months), which is typified by reticulocytopenia, macrocytic/normocytic anaemia, and a lack of erythroid precursors in t
Acute panmylelosis with myelofibrosis
Introduction
The uncommon and severe variant of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) known as APMF is distinguished by acute panmyeloid proliferation with a rise in blasts and bone marrow fibrosis.
The criteria for AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC)* are not met by this