Rare Cases
PILONIDAL SINUS DISEASE
🔹 Definition:
#Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a persistent infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues that usually affects the sacrococcygeal region in the natal cleft, which is the space between the buttocks.
#It involves a tiny, hair-and debris-filled, epithelial
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Introduction
A uncommon acquired clonal haematopoietic stem cell disease is called paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH).
caused by a mutation in the PIG-A gene, which results in a lack of GPI-anchored proteins (CD55 and CD59) and makes cells vulnerable to complement-media
CHROMIDROSIS
🔹 Definition:
#Chromhidrosis is an uncommon disorder that is characterized by sweat glands secreting colored sweat.
#Depending on the underlying reason, the discoloration may be yellow, green, blue, brown, or black.
🔹 Types:
#Chromhidrosis can be divided into th
EMPHYSEMATOUS PYELONEPHRITIS ASSOCIATED WITH PNEUMATOSIS INTESTINALIS AND BOWEL ISCHEMIA
◉ Patient Background and Presentation:
• Age, Gender, and Ethnicity: Male African, 59 years old.
• Past medical history: No history of diabetes mellitus was revealed; the patient is known to have hypertension (not the typical diabetic EPN case).
▶ Chief complaints:
WATERHOUSE-FRIDERICHSEN SYNDROME IN AN ADULT PATIENT WITH MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS
● Introduction:
➣Meningococcal infection is still a major source of morbidity and death even with the advent of better antibiotics. It can manifest as meningitis, meningitis with antibiotics.
septic shock, or meningococcemia.
➣A uncommon yet serious consequence, Waterho
primary (AL) amyloidosis
● Overview
➣Amyloidosis is a diverse collection of disorders caused by the deposition of extracellular amyloid fibrils.
• The discovery of 30 amyloid precursor proteins.
➣The most prevalent fibrils from monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains (kappa/lambda) are foun
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
➣Introduction
•Rare congenital red cell aplasia, or inability to produce pure red blood cells.
•exhibits severe anaemia in infancy (90 percent before 12 months), which is typified by reticulocytopenia, macrocytic/normocytic anaemia, and a lack of erythroid precursors in t
IgA nephropathy
● Overview:
➣IgA nephropathy is the most prevalent cause of glomerulonephritis globally, and it rarely advances to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with FSGS.
➣A young man with microscopic haematuria and nephrotic-range proteinuria developed end-stage renal dis
Acquired male urethral diverticulum
◉ Patient Profile & Background
• Age and sex: male, 54
◉ Chief Complaints:
• When voiding, the penile mass becomes tense (tumescence).
• Several urinary tract infection (UTI) incidents
• To finish urinating, the penile bulk must be physically compressed.
• D
Acute panmylelosis with myelofibrosis
Introduction
The uncommon and severe variant of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) known as APMF is distinguished by acute panmyeloid proliferation with a rise in blasts and bone marrow fibrosis.
The criteria for AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC)* are not met by this
Spontaneous Ureterocolic Fistula between Nonfunctioning Kidney Transplant Ureter and Colon in Setting of Diverticulitis
◉ Etiology and Rarity:
• Diverticulitis-related fistula: approximately 1% of all diverticulitis cases.
• Colovesical > colovaginal fistulas are common.
• Extremely uncommon, ureterocolic fistulas have historically been brought on by TB.
• Additional causes include c
Fibromuscular Dysplasia
●The introduction:
➣Inflammatory and non-inflammatory arteriopathies are the two main categories of arterial disorders involving numerous aneurysms.
➣Diagnosis is frequently challenging, although treatment strategies vary significantly between these two.
➣FMD: a